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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">LYRM-Protein</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Proteine mit Leu-Tyr-Arg-Motiv</b> (<b>LYRM-Proteine</b>) bilden eine <a href="Protein-Superfamilie" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein-Superfamilie">Superfamilie</a> von kleinen (<15 <a href="KDa" class="mw-redirect" title="KDa">kDa</a>), positiv geladenen und überwiegend <a href="Mitochondrium" title="Mitochondrium">mitochondrialen</a> Proteinen mit einem <a href="N-Terminus" title="N-Terminus">N-terminalen</a> <a href="Leucin" title="Leucin">Leucin</a>–<a href="Tyrosin" title="Tyrosin">Tyrosin</a>–<a href="Arginin" title="Arginin">Arginin</a>-<a href="Sequenzmotiv" title="Sequenzmotiv">Motiv</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allerdings ist das exakte Vorhandensein dieses L–Y–R-Motivs nicht zwingend erforderlich für die Klassifizierung als LYRM-Protein, da die Zugehörigkeit auf weiter gefassten strukturellen und funktionellen Kriterien basiert.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> LYRM-Proteine spielen eine zentrale Rolle in essenziellen mitochondrialen Prozessen wie der <a href="Oxidative_Phosphorylierung" title="Oxidative Phosphorylierung">oxidativen Phosphorylierung</a> (OXPHOS), der mitochondrialen <a href="Translation_(Biologie)" title="Translation (Biologie)">Translation</a>, der Assemblierung von <a href="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster" title="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster">Eisen-Schwefel-Clustern</a> (Fe–S-Cluster) sowie im <a href="Acetate" title="Acetate">Acetat</a>stoffwechsel.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ihre Funktion wird <a href="Allosterischer_Modulator" title="Allosterischer Modulator">allosterisch</a> durch die Bindung an <a href="Acylierung" title="Acylierung">acyliertes</a> <a href="Acyl-Carrier-Proteine" title="Acyl-Carrier-Proteine">Acyl-Carrier-Protein</a> (Acyl-ACP) aktiviert, das durch die <a href="Mitochondriale_Fetts%C3%A4uresynthese" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitochondriale Fettsäuresynthese">mitochondriale Fettsäuresynthese</a> (mtFAS) als Reaktion auf die mitochondriale <a href="Acetyl-Coenzym_A" title="Acetyl-Coenzym A">Acetyl-CoA</a>-Verfügbarkeit bereitgestellt wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diese Art der Aktivierung ermöglicht es ihnen, als späte Assemblierungsfaktoren der <a href="Elektronentransportkette" title="Elektronentransportkette">Elektronentransportkette</a> (ETC) zu fungieren.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwechslungsgefahr_mit_LYR-Proteinen">Verwechslungsgefahr mit LYR-Proteinen</h2></div>
<p>Um Missverständnisse zu vermeiden, ist es wichtig zu betonen, dass der Begriff „LYR-Proteine“ gelegentlich für mitochondriale Proteine verwendet wurde, die zwar die LYR-Sequenz enthalten, jedoch nicht die charakteristischen strukturellen oder funktionellen Merkmale echter LYRM-Familienmitglieder aufweisen.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ein LYR-Tripeptid allein reicht für die Klassifikation als LYRM-Protein nicht aus; Proteine wie NDUFAF3, bestimmte <a href="Protein-Untereinheit" title="Protein-Untereinheit">Untereinheiten</a> der <a href="Atmungskette#Funktionen_der_Komplexe_der_Atmungskette" title="Atmungskette">Atmungskettenkomplexe</a> <a href="Komplex_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex II">II</a> (z. B. SDHB), <a href="Komplex_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex IV">IV</a> und <a href="Komplex_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex V">V</a> sowie mehrere mitochondriale ribosomale Proteine enthalten zwar das Motiv, gehören jedoch nicht zur Superfamilie der LYRM-Proteine.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vorkommen_und_Synthese">Vorkommen und Synthese</h2></div>
<p>LYRM-Proteine kommen ausschließlich in <a href="Eukaryoten" title="Eukaryoten">Eukaryoten</a> vor, unterscheiden sich jedoch zwischen den Spezien.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Während anaerobe Eukaryoten nur LYRM4 oder gar keine LYRM-Proteine besitzen, wurden beim Menschen zwölf Mitglieder charakterisiert.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mit Ausnahme von LYRM3 und LYRM6, die in den mitochondrialen <a href="Komplex_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex I">Komplex I</a> integriert sind, handelt es sich bei LYRM-Proteinen um lösliche, in der <a href="Mitochondrium#Matrix" title="Mitochondrium">Matrix</a> lokalisierte Proteine.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie werden im <a href="Cytosol" title="Cytosol">Cytosol</a> durch <a href="Ribosom" title="Ribosom">Ribosomen</a> synthetisiert, nachdem sie aus <a href="Zellkern" title="Zellkern">nukleärer</a> <a href="Desoxyribonukleins%C3%A4ure" title="Desoxyribonukleinsäure">DNA</a> <a href="Transkription_(Biologie)" title="Transkription (Biologie)">transkribiert</a> wurden, und anschließend in die Mitochondrien importiert.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Einige Mitglieder wurden aber auch im Cytosol und im Zellkern identifiziert.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struktur">Struktur</h2></div>
<p>Die Klassifizierung der LYRM-Proteine basiert auf LYRM4, das die Cystein-Desulfurase NFS1 innerhalb des mitochondrialen Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-(ISC)-Assemblierungssystems stabilisiert.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ein charakteristisches Merkmal der LYRM-Proteine ist ihre <a href="Helix-B%C3%BCndel" title="Helix-Bündel">Drei-Helix-Bündel</a>-Faltung.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In dieser <a href="Antiparallelit%C3%A4t_(Biochemie)" title="Antiparallelität (Biochemie)">antiparallelen</a> Anordnung ist <a href="%CE%91-Helix" title="Α-Helix">Helix α</a>1 um etwa 20° nach vorn geneigt, während die Helices α2 und α3 parallel zueinander verlaufen. Das LYR-Motiv befindet sich auf Helix α1, kurz hinter deren N-terminalem Beginn, und kann von einem <a href="Isoleucin" title="Isoleucin">Isoleucin</a> oder <a href="Leucin" title="Leucin">Leucin</a> sowie einem <a href="Phenylalanin" title="Phenylalanin">Phenylalanin</a> gefolgt sein.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diese Helices bilden gemeinsam einen <a href="Hydrophober_Effekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrophober Effekt">hydrophoben</a> Tunnel im Inneren, der als Bindungsstelle für die Acylkette von Acyl–ACP dient, welche über eine 4’-Phosphopantethein-Gruppe <a href="Kovalente_Bindung" title="Kovalente Bindung">kovalent</a> an ACP gebunden ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Für eine effektive Bindung an LYRM-Proteine wird typischerweise eine Acylkette mit etwa 10–16 Kohlenstoffatomen benötigt.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ACP ist jedoch nicht auf eine Acylierung angewiesen, um an LYRM-Proteine zu binden, obwohl diese eine höhere <a href="Affinit%C3%A4t_(Biochemie)" title="Affinität (Biochemie)">Affinität</a> zu Acyl-ACP als zu unacylierter ACP (Holo-ACP) aufweisen.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>FMC1 stellt eine Ausnahme dar, da es keinen hydrophoben Tunnel bildet und sich im Allgemeinen atypisch im Vergleich zu anderen LYRM-Proteinen verhält.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funktion">Funktion</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biogenese_von_Eisen-Schwefel-Clustern">Biogenese von Eisen-Schwefel-Clustern</h3></div>
<p>In Eukaryoten dienen Eisen-Schwefel-(Fe–S)-Cluster als vielseitige <a href="Cofaktor_(Biochemie)" title="Cofaktor (Biochemie)">Cofaktoren</a> bei <a href="Redoxreaktion" title="Redoxreaktion">Redoxreaktionen</a>, Elektronentransport, Enzymkatalyse, <a href="Genexpression" title="Genexpression">Genexpressions</a>regulation und <a href="DNA-Reparatur" title="DNA-Reparatur">DNA-Reparatur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie werden auf dem <a href="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-Ger%C3%BCstprotein" title="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster-Gerüstprotein">Gerüstprotein ISCU</a> assembliert, wobei das <a href="Eisen" title="Eisen">Eisen</a> durch <a href="Frataxin" title="Frataxin">Frataxin</a> bereitgestellt wird und der <a href="Schwefel" title="Schwefel">Schwefel</a> durch den NFS1–LYRM4-Komplex geliefert wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dieser Komplex bindet über LYRM4 an acyliertes ACP, was zur Stabilisierung des sonst abbauanfälligen Komplexes führt.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nach der Bildung werden die Fe–S-Cluster durch einen Fe–S-Transferkomplex, bestehend aus ISCU, dem Co-Chaperon HSC20 und dem <a href="Chaperon_(Protein)" title="Chaperon (Protein)">Chaperon</a> HSPA9, an Zielproteine übertragen.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Der Einbau der Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster in Atmungskomplexe II und III mit Hilfe anderer LYRM-Proteine wird weiter unten im Abschnitt zur „Assemblierung der oxidativen Phosphorylierungskomplexe“ behandelt.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assemblierung_des_Mitoribosoms">Assemblierung des Mitoribosoms</h3></div>
<p>Das LYRM-Protein L0R8F8 und ACP fungieren als Assemblierungsfaktoren für das menschliche <a href="Mitochondriales_Ribosom" title="Mitochondriales Ribosom">Mitoribosom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mitoribosomen übersetzen mitochondriale <a href="MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNAs</a> in 13 spezifische Proteine, die ausschließlich als strukturelle Untereinheiten in die Komplexe I, III, IV und V der mitochondrialen Atmungskette eingebaut werden.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In den späten Phasen der Reifung der großen Untereinheit des menschlichen Mitoribosoms (mt-LSU) lagert sich ein Komplex aus MALSU1, L0R8F8 und ACP an die mt-LSU an.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dieser Komplex verhindert <a href="Sterische_Hinderung" title="Sterische Hinderung">sterisch</a> eine verfrühte Bindung mit der kleinen Untereinheit (mt-SSU) und reguliert somit den zeitlichen Ablauf des Zusammenfügens der Ribosomenuntereinheiten.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strukturanalysen zeigten, dass die Interaktion zwischen L0R8F8 und ACP durch das LYR-Motiv von L0R8F8 und die 4′-Phosphopantethein-Gruppe von ACP vermittelt wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bemerkenswerterweise liegt ACP in diesem Zusammenhang in seiner unacylierten Form (Holo-ACP) vor, und es wurde in den Strukturdaten keine Dichte für eine Acylkette beobachtet.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assemblierung_des_Elektronentransfer-Flavoproteins">Assemblierung des Elektronentransfer-Flavoproteins</h3></div>
<p>LYRM5 interagiert mit den beiden Untereinheiten ETFA und ETFB des <a href="Elektronentransferierendes_Flavoprotein" title="Elektronentransferierendes Flavoprotein">elektronentransferierenden Flavoproteins</a> (ETF), wodurch die <a href="Flavin-Adenin-Dinukleotid" title="Flavin-Adenin-Dinukleotid">FAD</a>-Bindungsstelle destabilisiert wird, was zur Freisetzung von FAD führt und somit zu einer Unterbrechung des normalen <a href="Elektronentransfer" title="Elektronentransfer">Elektronentransfers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ETF fungiert als Elektronenträger, der vorübergehend an mitochondriale <a href="Flavoproteine" title="Flavoproteine">Flavoproteine</a> andockt, die an der <a href="Oxidation" title="Oxidation">Oxidation</a> von <a href="Fetts%C3%A4uren" title="Fettsäuren">Fettsäuren</a> und <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a> beteiligt sind (z. B. <a href="Acyl-CoA-Dehydrogenase" title="Acyl-CoA-Dehydrogenase">Acyl-CoA-Dehydrogenasen</a>, Isovaleryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase), und Elektronen aufnimmt, während sein eigenes FAD zu <a href="FADH2" class="mw-redirect" title="FADH2">FADH<sub>2</sub></a> <a href="Reduktion_(Chemie)" title="Reduktion (Chemie)">reduziert</a> wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das reduzierte ETF löst sich anschließend und überträgt die Elektronen an die ETF:Ubichinon-Oxidoreduktase (ETF:QO), ein Enzym, das in der inneren Mitochondrienmembran verankert ist und ebenfalls FAD enthält.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ETF:QO wird dadurch reduziert und leitet die Elektronen an <a href="Ubichinon-10" title="Ubichinon-10">Ubichinon</a> (CoQ10) in der <a href="Atmungskette" title="Atmungskette">Atmungskette</a> weiter.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Gegensatz zu anderen LYRM-Familienmitgliedern besitzt LYRM5 nicht das charakteristische Leucin–Tyrosin–Arginin-Motiv, sondern stattdessen ein Leucin–Tyrosin–<a href="Lysin" title="Lysin">Lysin</a>-Motiv.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assemblierung_der_Komplexe_der_oxidativen_Phosphorylierung">Assemblierung der Komplexe der oxidativen Phosphorylierung</h3></div>
<p>Die Assemblierung dieser Komplexe beruht auf einem streng regulierten und koordinierten Prozess, der die <a href="Transkription_(Biologie)" title="Transkription (Biologie)">Transkription</a> und <a href="Translation_(Biologie)" title="Translation (Biologie)">Translation</a> von sowohl nukleär als auch mitochondrial codierten <a href="Protein-Untereinheit" title="Protein-Untereinheit">Untereinheiten</a>, den Import und die Assemblierung einzelner Untereinheiten sowie die Reifung durch den Einbau essenzieller Cofaktoren, wie Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster umfasst.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="NADH:Ubichinon-Oxidoreduktase_(Komplex_I)"><span id="NADH:Ubichinon-Oxidoreduktase_.28Komplex_I.29"></span>NADH:Ubichinon-Oxidoreduktase (Komplex I)</h4></div>
<p>Drei LYRM-Proteine – LYRM3, LYRM6 und LYRM2 – sind mit <a href="Komplex_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex I">Komplex I</a> verbunden. Der erste Komplex der Atmungskette koppelt die Oxidation von <a href="Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid" title="Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid">NADH</a> und die Reduktion von Ubichinon mit dem Protonentransport über die innere mitochondriale Membran und leistet den größten Einzelbeitrag zur protonenmotorischen Kraft, die die ATP-Synthese antreibt.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unter bestimmten Bedingungen kann diese Reaktion auch rückwärts ablaufen und zur Reduktion von <a href="NAD%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="NAD+">NAD<sup>+</sup></a> führen.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>LYRM3 ist eine integrale akzessorische Untereinheit von Komplex I, die im distalen, protonentransportierenden Modul P<sub>D</sub> des Membranarms positioniert ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es bildet ein stabiles <a href="Heterodimer" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterodimer">Heterodimer</a> mit der benachbarten Untereinheit SDAP1, einer Isoform des mitochondrialen ACP, das durch das Gen NDUFAB1 codiert wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diese Interaktion, vermittelt über die LYR-Domäne von LYRM3, spielt eine entscheidende Rolle für Funktion und Assemblierung von Komplex I.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>LYRM6 ist ebenfalls eine integrale akzessorische Untereinheit von Komplex I. Es bindet nahe der zentralen Schnittstelle zwischen dem Matrixarm (Q-Modul) und dem Membranarm (P-Modul) des Komplexes und bildet ein Heterodimer mit mitochondrialem ACP.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zwei benachbarte Schleifen von LYRM6 interagieren direkt mit zentralen Untereinheiten des Komplexes und tragen zur Stabilisierung dieser Schnittstelle bei.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insbesondere spielt LYRM6 eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Stabilisierung der TMH1-2-Schleife der Untereinheit ND3, eines strukturellen Elements, das für den Protonentransportmechanismus essenziell ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>LYRM2 ist in den Mitochondrien lokalisiert, interagiert direkt mit Komplex I und erhöht dessen Aktivität.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Succinat-Dehydrogenase_(Komplex_II)"><span id="Succinat-Dehydrogenase_.28Komplex_II.29"></span>Succinat-Dehydrogenase (Komplex II)</h4></div>
<p>LYRM8 und ACN9 sind erforderlich für die Assemblierung der <a href="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster" title="Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster">Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster</a>-haltigen Untereinheit SDHB in <a href="Komplex_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex II">Komplex II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Als Bestandteil des <a href="Citratzyklus" title="Citratzyklus">Citratzyklus</a> koppelt Komplex II die Oxidation von <a href="Bernsteins%C3%A4ure" title="Bernsteinsäure">Succinat</a> zu <a href="Fumars%C3%A4ure" title="Fumarsäure">Fumarat</a> mit der Reduktion von Ubichinon.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Funktionen von LYRM8 und ACN9 beinhalten Interaktionen mit acyliertem ACP.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>LYRM8 fungiert als Assemblierungsfaktor für Komplex II, indem es eine Brücke bildet zwischen HSC20 (als Bestandteil des Fe–S-Cluster-Transferkomplexes) und der SDHB-Untereinheit.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Als eine von vier Untereinheiten von Komplex II spielt SDHB eine zentrale Rolle bei der Elektronenübertragung von SDHA zu Ubichinon über seine drei Eisen-Schwefel-Cluster. HSC20 erkennt und bindet mit hoher Affinität an LYR-Motive; SDHB selbst enthält jedoch nur zwei L(I)YR-Motive: ein IYR-Motiv am N-Terminus und ein LYR-Motiv näher am <a href="C-Terminus" title="C-Terminus">C-Terminus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trotzdem gehört SDHB nicht zu den LYRM-Proteinen.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zusätzlich ermöglichen mehrere <a href="Aromatizit%C3%A4t" title="Aromatizität">aromatische</a> Aminosäurensequenzen innerhalb von SDHB eine vorübergehende Bindung eines LYRM8-Proteins über dessen argininreiche C-terminale <a href="Proteindom%C3%A4ne" title="Proteindomäne">Domäne</a>, was eine LYR-Bindungsstelle für HSC20 schafft und somit zum Einbau der Fe–S-Cluster in SDHB beiträgt.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bemerkenswert ist, dass LYRM8 selbst auch zwei LYR-Motive enthält, eines am N-Terminus und eines in der zentralen Region, jedoch bindet HSC20 ausschließlich an das N-terminale Motiv.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>ACN9 fungiert als Assemblierungsfaktor, der an der Reifung von Komplex II beteiligt ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genauer gesagt trägt es zum Einbau von Eisen-Schwefel-Clustern in die SDHB-Untereinheit bei, was für die Aktivität von Komplex II unerlässlich ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die genaue molekulare Rolle von ACN9 ist jedoch noch nicht vollständig geklärt.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daten aus <a href="Hefen" title="Hefen">Hefe</a>modellen deuten darauf hin, dass ACN9 auch eine Rolle bei der <a href="Gluconeogenese" title="Gluconeogenese">Gluconeogenese</a> und bei der Umwandlung von <a href="Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanol</a> oder <a href="Acetate" title="Acetate">Acetat</a> in <a href="Kohlenhydrate" title="Kohlenhydrate">Kohlenhydrate</a> spielt.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coenzym_Q_:_Cytochrom_c_–_Oxidoreduktase_(Komplex_III)"><span id="Coenzym_Q_:_Cytochrom_c_.E2.80.93_Oxidoreduktase_.28Komplex_III.29"></span>Coenzym Q : Cytochrom c – Oxidoreduktase (Komplex III)</h4></div>
<p>LYRM7 fungiert als Assemblierungsfaktor für <a href="Komplex_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex III">Komplex III</a>, indem es als <a href="Chaperon_(Protein)" title="Chaperon (Protein)">Chaperon</a> für das Rieske-Protein wirkt.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Aufgabe von Komplex III besteht darin, Elektronen vom Zwei-Elektronen-Träger Ubichinon auf den Ein-Elektronen-Träger <a href="Cytochrom_c" title="Cytochrom c">Cytochrom c</a> über den sogenannten <a href="Q-Zyklus" title="Q-Zyklus">Q-Zyklus</a> zu übertragen, während gleichzeitig Protonen gepumpt werden, um einen Gradienten aufzubauen. Der Komplex arbeitet als <a href="Dimer" title="Dimer">Dimer</a> (CIII<sub>2</sub>), wobei jedes <a href="Monomer" title="Monomer">Monomer</a> aus elf Untereinheiten besteht. Drei davon sind katalytisch aktiv: <a href="Cytochrom_b" title="Cytochrom b">Cytochrom b</a>, Cytochrom c1 und das Rieske-Protein, das ein [2Fe–2S]-Cluster (Rieske-Zentrum) enthält.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Während der Assemblierung bildet sich zunächst ein stabiler, aber nicht-funktioneller Vorkomplex III, der alle Untereinheiten enthält außer dem Rieske-Protein und Qcr10.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Um die Assemblierung abzuschließen, bindet LYRM7 an das Rieske-Protein in der mitochondrialen Matrix und stabilisiert es vor dessen Translokation in die innere Membran und anschließendem Einbau in den Vorkomplex.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dadurch wird das Rieske-Protein vor <a href="Proteolyse" title="Proteolyse">proteolytischem</a> Abbau oder temperaturbedingter <a href="Aggregation_(Chemie)" title="Aggregation (Chemie)">Aggregation</a> geschützt.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der endgültige Einbau sowohl des Rieske-Proteins als auch von Qcr10 in den Vorkomplex wird durch die AAA-ATPase BCS1L vermittelt und schließt die Assemblierung von Komplex III ab.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ATP-Synthase_(Komplex_V)"><span id="ATP-Synthase_.28Komplex_V.29"></span>ATP-Synthase (Komplex V)</h4></div>
<p>FMC1 wirkt als Assemblierungsfaktor für <a href="Komplex_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex V">Komplex V</a>, indem es das Chaperon ATP12 stabilisiert, das für die ordnungsgemäße Assemblierung der F<sub>1</sub>-Domäne, insbesondere bei erhöhten Temperaturen, erforderlich ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Komplex V synthetisiert <a href="Adenosintriphosphat" title="Adenosintriphosphat">ATP</a> aus <a href="Adenosindiphosphat" title="Adenosindiphosphat">ADP</a> und anorganischem <a href="Phosphate" title="Phosphate">Phosphat</a>, indem er die durch die <a href="Elektronentransportkette" title="Elektronentransportkette">Elektronentransportkette</a> erzeugte protonenmotorische Kraft mittels eines rotierenden katalytischen Mechanismus nutzt.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er besteht aus einer in der inneren mitochondrialen Membran verankerten F<sub>o</sub>-Domäne, die Protonen überführt, und einer in die Matrix ragenden F<sub>1</sub>-Domäne, in der die ATP-Synthese stattfindet.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Innerhalb der F<sub>1</sub>-Domäne ist der katalytische <a href="Oligomer" title="Oligomer">hexamere</a> Ring aus abwechselnden α- und β-Untereinheiten für die Assemblierung auf ATP12 angewiesen, wobei FMC1 ATP12 bei erhöhten Temperaturen unterstützt; ohne dies werden die Untereinheiten nicht korrekt eingebaut und aggregieren in der mitochondrialen Matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Obwohl FMC1 zur LYRM-Protein-Familie gehört, fehlen ihm wichtige Aminosäurereste des LYRM-Motivs, darunter Leucin und Phenylalanin, und es kann kein acyliertes ACP binden, da der hydrophobe Tunnel fehlt.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dennoch interagiert FMC1 mit nicht-acyliertem ACP, was die Assemblierung der F<sub>1</sub>-Domäne auch dann ermöglicht, wenn Acetyl-CoA knapp ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dies stellt sicher, dass Komplex V auch unter metabolischem Stress funktionsfähig bleibt, was erlaubt auch umgekehrt zu arbeiten und ATP zu <a href="Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse">hydrolysieren</a> um den Protonengradienten aufrechtzuerhalten, der für den Proteinimport und andere Transportprozesse notwendig ist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulation">Regulation</h2></div>
<p>Während das Netzwerk der LYRM-Proteine auch unacyliertes ACP (Holo-ACP) binden kann, werden sie <a href="Allosterischer_Modulator" title="Allosterischer Modulator">allosterisch</a> erst durch die acylierte Form (Acyl-ACP) aktiviert, zu der sie eine höhere Affinität aufweisen.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Erst nach dieser Aktivierung können sie funktionell mit spezifischen Zielproteinen interagieren.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Acylierung von ACP wird durch die <a href="Mitochondriale_Fetts%C3%A4uresynthese" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitochondriale Fettsäuresynthese">mitochondriale Fettsäuresynthese</a> (mtFAS) gesteuert, als Reaktion auf die Verfügbarkeit von mitochondrialem <a href="Acetyl-Coenzym_A" title="Acetyl-Coenzym A">Acetyl-CoA</a> und ist empfindlich gegenüber Störungen in der Acetyl-CoA-Synthese.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bei eingeschränkten Acyl-ACP-Spiegeln wird folgende Priorisierung beobachtet: die mitochondriale Translation wird aufrechterhalten, die <a href="Lipons%C3%A4ure" title="Liponsäure">Liponsäure</a>-Biosynthese reduziert und die Aktivierung der LYRM-Proteine für die Assemblierung der Atmungskettenkomplexe gestoppt, was ihre Funktion als späte Assemblierungsfaktoren der Elektronentransportkette (ETC) bestätigt.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ACP und mtFAS koordinieren somit die Aktivierung der mitochondrialen Atmung in Abhängigkeit von der Substratverfügbarkeit.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dies ermöglicht den Zellen, ihre oxidative Kapazität bei Substratüberschuss zu erhöhen, und verhindert ein „Trockenlaufen“ der Elektronentransportkette sowie die daraus resultierende Bildung <a href="Reaktive_Sauerstoffspezies" title="Reaktive Sauerstoffspezies">reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies</a> bei Substratmangel.<sup id="cite_ref-:19_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Überblick_über_Mitglieder"><span id=".C3.9Cberblick_.C3.BCber_Mitglieder"></span>Überblick über Mitglieder</h2></div>
<p>Mindestens zwölf LYRM-Proteine wurden beim Menschen identifiziert (Stand 2019):<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div style="overflow:auto">
<table class="wikitable">
<caption>
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>LYRM-Protein
</th>
<th>LYR-Motiv
</th>
<th>Zielort
</th>
<th>Funktion
</th>
<th>Interaktionspartner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM1<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>LYR
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Insulin" title="Insulin">Insulin</a>signalübertragung<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM2<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>LYR
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex I">Komplex I</a>
</td>
<td>steht in Zusammenhang mit der Aktivität von Komplex I<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM3/NDUFB9<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>LYR
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex I">Komplex I</a>
</td>
<td>Strukturelle Untereinheit<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM4/ISD11<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>LYR
</td>
<td>Cystein-Desulfurase NFS1
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NFS1<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM5<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>LYK
</td>
<td><a href="Elektronentransferierendes_Flavoprotein" title="Elektronentransferierendes Flavoprotein">Elektronentransferierendes Flavoprotein</a>
</td>
<td>Hilfsfaktor (<i>accessory factor</i>)
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM6/NDUFA6<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex I">Komplex I</a>
</td>
<td>Strukturelle Untereinheit<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NDUFS3<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM7/MZM1L<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>AYR oder andere
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex III">Komplex III</a>
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor<sup id="cite_ref-:12_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UQCRFS1, HSC20<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM8/SDHAF1<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>IYR & LYR
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex II">Komplex II</a>
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SDHB, HSC20<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LYRM9/C17orf108<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Unbekannt<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Unbekannt<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>ACN9/SDHAF3/<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>LYRM10<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex II">Komplex II</a>
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SDHB<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>FMC1/C7orf55<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>kein LYR-Motiv
</td>
<td><a href="Komplex_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplex V">Komplex V</a>
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Acyl-ACP,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ATP12<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>L0R8F8<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Mitochondriales_Ribosom" title="Mitochondriales Ribosom">Mitoribosom</a>
</td>
<td>Assemblierungsfaktor<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>Holo-ACP<sup id="cite_ref-:13_19-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klinische_Relevanz">Klinische Relevanz</h2></div>
<p>Defekte in menschlichen LYRM-Proteinen stehen aufgrund ihrer entscheidenden Rolle in der mitochondrialen Funktion mit schweren Erkrankungen in Verbindung:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Apoptose" title="Apoptose">Apoptose</a> bei <a href="HIV-Infektion" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV-Infektion">HIV-1-Infektion</a> (LYRM6)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Mangel mehrerer OXPHOS-Komplexe (LYRM4)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Enzephalopathie" title="Enzephalopathie">Enzephalopathie</a> (LYRM7)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Genetische Veranlagung zur <a href="Alkoholabh%C3%A4ngigkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkoholabhängigkeit">Alkoholabhängigkeit</a> (ACN9)<sup id="cite_ref-:16_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Infantile <a href="Leukenzephalopathie" title="Leukenzephalopathie">Leukenzephalopathie</a> (LYRM8)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Insulinresistenz" title="Insulinresistenz">Insulinresistenz</a> (LYRM1)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Laktatazidose" title="Laktatazidose">Laktatazidose</a> (LYRM7)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Muskul%C3%A4re_Hypotonie" class="mw-redirect" title="Muskuläre Hypotonie">Muskuläre Hypotonie</a> (LYRM3)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Verschiedene <a href="Mitochondriale_Erkrankungen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitochondriale Erkrankungen">mitochondriale Erkrankungen</a> (LYRM3)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16">q</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Vít Dohnálek, Pavel Doležal: <cite style="font-style:italic">Installation of LYRM proteins in early eukaryotes to regulate the metabolic capacity of the emerging mitochondrion</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Open Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>14</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, Mai 2024, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222046-2441%22&key=cql">2046-2441</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.240021">10.1098/rsob.240021</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38772414?dopt=Abstract">PMID 38772414</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293456/">PMC 11293456</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.240021">royalsocietypublishing.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Installation+of+LYRM+proteins+in+early+eukaryotes+to+regulate+the+metabolic+capacity+of+the+emerging+mitochondrion&rft.au=V%C3%ADt+Dohn%C3%A1lek%2C+Pavel+Dole%C5%BEal&rft.date=2024-05&rft.doi=10.1098%2Frsob.240021&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2046-2441&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Open+Biology&rft.pmc=11293456&rft.pmid=38772414&rft.volume=14" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marris G. Dibley, Luke E. Formosa, Baobei Lyu, Boris Reljic, Dylan McGann, Linden Muellner-Wong, Felix Kraus, Alice J. Sharpe, David A. Stroud, Michael T. Ryan: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Mitochondrial Acyl-carrier Protein Interaction Network Highlights Important Roles for LYRM Family Members in Complex I and Mitoribosome Assembly</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Molecular & Cellular Proteomics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>19</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Januar 2020, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>65–77</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.RA119.001784">10.1074/mcp.RA119.001784</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31666358?dopt=Abstract">PMID 31666358</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6944232/">PMC 6944232</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1535947620300062">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=The+Mitochondrial+Acyl-carrier+Protein+Interaction+Network+Highlights+Important+Roles+for+LYRM+Family+Members+in+Complex+I+and+Mitoribosome+Assembly&rft.au=Marris+G.+Dibley%2C+Luke+E.+Formosa%2C+Baobei+Lyu%2C+...&rft.date=2020-01&rft.doi=10.1074%2Fmcp.RA119.001784&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Molecular+%26+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.pages=65-77&rft.pmc=6944232&rft.pmid=31666358&rft.volume=19" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-20">u</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Heike Angerer: <cite style="font-style:italic">Eukaryotic LYR Proteins Interact with Mitochondrial Protein Complexes</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 12. Februar 2015, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222079-7737%22&key=cql">2079-7737</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>133–150</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology4010133">10.3390/biology4010133</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25686363?dopt=Abstract">PMID 25686363</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381221/">PMC 4381221</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/4/1/133">mdpi.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Eukaryotic+LYR+Proteins+Interact+with+Mitochondrial+Protein+Complexes&rft.au=Heike+Angerer&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.doi=10.3390%2Fbiology4010133&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2079-7737&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Biology&rft.pages=133-150&rft.pmc=4381221&rft.pmid=25686363&rft.volume=4" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Aneta Ivanova, Mabel Gill-Hille, Shaobai Huang, Rui M. Branca, Beata Kmiec, Pedro F. Teixeira, Janne Lehtiö, James Whelan, Monika W. Murcha: <cite style="font-style:italic">A Mitochondrial LYR Protein Is Required for Complex I Assembly</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Plant Physiology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>181</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, Dezember 2019, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220032-0889%22&key=cql">0032-0889</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1632–1650</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.19.00822">10.1104/pp.19.00822</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31601645?dopt=Abstract">PMID 31601645</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6878026/">PMC 6878026</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/181/4/1632-1650/6000537">oup.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=A+Mitochondrial+LYR+Protein+Is+Required+for+Complex+I+Assembly&rft.au=Aneta+Ivanova%2C+Mabel+Gill-Hille%2C+Shaobai+Huang%2C+...&rft.date=2019-12&rft.doi=10.1104%2Fpp.19.00822&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0032-0889&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Plant+Physiology&rft.pages=1632-1650&rft.pmc=6878026&rft.pmid=31601645&rft.volume=181" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:18-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:18_5-9">j</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Jonathan G. Van Vranken, Sara M. Nowinski, Katie J. Clowers, Mi-Young Jeong, Yeyun Ouyang, Jordan A. Berg, Jeremy P. Gygi, Steven P. Gygi, Dennis R. Winge, Jared Rutter: <cite style="font-style:italic">ACP Acylation Is an Acetyl-CoA-Dependent Modification Required for Electron Transport Chain Assembly</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Molecular Cell</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>71</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, August 2018, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>567–580.e4</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.039">10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.039</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30118679?dopt=Abstract">PMID 30118679</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6104058/">PMC 6104058</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1097276518305148">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=ACP+Acylation+Is+an+Acetyl-CoA-Dependent+Modification+Required+for+Electron+Transport+Chain+Assembly&rft.au=Jonathan+G.+Van+Vranken%2C+Sara+M.+Nowinski%2C+Katie+J.+Clowers%2C+...&rft.date=2018-08&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2018.06.039&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Cell&rft.pages=567-580.e4&rft.pmc=6104058&rft.pmid=30118679&rft.volume=71" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:7-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_6-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Saurabh Saha, Simge Parlar, Etienne H. Meyer, Monika W. Murcha: <cite style="font-style:italic">The complex I subunit B22 contains a LYR domain that is crucial for an interaction with the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein SDAP1</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Plant Journal</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>121</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, Februar 2025, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220960-7412%22&key=cql">0960-7412</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70028">10.1111/tpj.70028</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39981882?dopt=Abstract">PMID 39981882</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843852/">PMC 11843852</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.70028">wiley.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=The+complex+I+subunit+B22+contains+a+LYR+domain+that+is+crucial+for+an+interaction+with+the+mitochondrial+acyl+carrier+protein+SDAP1&rft.au=Saurabh+Saha%2C+Simge+Parlar%2C+Etienne+H.+Meyer%2C+...&rft.date=2025-02&rft.doi=10.1111%2Ftpj.70028&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0960-7412&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=The+Plant+Journal&rft.pmc=11843852&rft.pmid=39981882&rft.volume=121" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jimin Pei, Jing Zhang, Qian Cong: <cite style="font-style:italic">Human mitochondrial protein complexes revealed by large-scale coevolution analysis and deep learning-based structure modeling</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Bioinformatics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>38</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>18</span>, 15. September 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221367-4803%22&key=cql">1367-4803</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4301–4311</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics%2Fbtac527">10.1093/bioinformatics/btac527</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/38/18/4301/6650275">oup.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Human+mitochondrial+protein+complexes+revealed+by+large-scale+coevolution+analysis+and+deep+learning-based+structure+modeling&rft.au=Jimin+Pei%2C+Jing+Zhang%2C+Qian+Cong&rft.date=2022-09-15&rft.doi=10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtac527&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1367-4803&rft.issue=18&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.pages=4301-4311&rft.volume=38" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:3-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Jia Xin Tang, Kyle Thompson, Robert W. Taylor, Monika Oláhová: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrial OXPHOS Biogenesis: Co-Regulation of Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly Pathways</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">International Journal of Molecular Sciences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>11</span>, 28. Mai 2020, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221422-0067%22&key=cql">1422-0067</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3820</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113820">10.3390/ijms21113820</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32481479?dopt=Abstract">PMID 32481479</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312649/">PMC 7312649</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/11/3820">mdpi.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+OXPHOS+Biogenesis%3A+Co-Regulation+of+Protein+Synthesis%2C+Import%2C+and+Assembly+Pathways&rft.au=Jia+Xin+Tang%2C+Kyle+Thompson%2C+Robert+W.+Taylor%2C+...&rft.date=2020-05-28&rft.doi=10.3390%2Fijms21113820&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1422-0067&rft.issue=11&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Molecular+Sciences&rft.pages=3820&rft.pmc=7312649&rft.pmid=32481479&rft.volume=21" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. V. Vanlander, R. Van Coster: <cite style="font-style:italic">Clinical and genetic aspects of defects in the mitochondrial iron–sulfur cluster synthesis pathway</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>23</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, Juni 2018, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220949-8257%22&key=cql">0949-8257</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>495–506</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-018-1550-z">10.1007/s00775-018-1550-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29623423?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29623423</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6006192/">PMC 6006192</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00775-018-1550-z">springer.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Clinical+and+genetic+aspects+of+defects+in+the+mitochondrial+iron-sulfur+cluster+synthesis+pathway&rft.au=A.+V.+Vanlander%2C+R.+Van+Coster&rft.date=2018-06&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00775-018-1550-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0949-8257&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=JBIC+Journal+of+Biological+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.pages=495-506&rft.pmc=6006192&rft.pmid=29623423&rft.volume=23" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Alan Brown, Sorbhi Rathore, Dari Kimanius, Shintaro Aibara, Xiao-chen Bai, Joanna Rorbach, Alexey Amunts, V Ramakrishnan: <cite style="font-style:italic">Structures of the human mitochondrial ribosome in native states of assembly</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature Structural & Molecular Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>24</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>10</span>, Oktober 2017, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221545-9993%22&key=cql">1545-9993</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>866–869</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3464">10.1038/nsmb.3464</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28892042?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28892042</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5633077/">PMC 5633077</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nsmb.3464">nature.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Structures+of+the+human+mitochondrial+ribosome+in+native+states+of+assembly&rft.au=Alan+Brown%2C+Sorbhi+Rathore%2C+Dari+Kimanius%2C+...&rft.date=2017-10&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fnsmb.3464&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1545-9993&rft.issue=10&rft.jtitle=Nature+Structural+%26+Molecular+Biology&rft.pages=866-869&rft.pmc=5633077&rft.pmid=28892042&rft.volume=24" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taru Hilander, Christopher B. Jackson, Marius Robciuc, Tanzeela Bashir, Hongxia Zhao: <cite style="font-style:italic">The roles of assembly factors in mammalian mitoribosome biogenesis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrion</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>60</span>, September 2021, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>70–84</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2021.07.008">10.1016/j.mito.2021.07.008</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S156772492100101X">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=The+roles+of+assembly+factors+in+mammalian+mitoribosome+biogenesis&rft.au=Taru+Hilander%2C+Christopher+B.+Jackson%2C+Marius+Robciuc%2C+...&rft.btitle=Mitochondrion&rft.date=2021-09&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.mito.2021.07.008&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=70-84&rft.volume=60" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Riley J. Wedan, Jacob Z. Longenecker, Sara M. Nowinski: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is an emergent central regulator of mammalian oxidative metabolism</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cell Metabolism</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>36</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Januar 2024, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>36–47</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.017">10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.017</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38128528?dopt=Abstract">PMID 38128528</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10843818/">PMC 10843818</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1550413123004497">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+fatty+acid+synthesis+is+an+emergent+central+regulator+of+mammalian+oxidative+metabolism&rft.au=Riley+J.+Wedan%2C+Jacob+Z.+Longenecker%2C+Sara+M.+Nowinski&rft.date=2024-01&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2023.11.017&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Cell+Metabolism&rft.pages=36-47&rft.pmc=10843818&rft.pmid=38128528&rft.volume=36" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:5-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Brendan J. Floyd, Emily M. Wilkerson, Mike T. Veling, Catie E. Minogue, Chuanwu Xia, Emily T. Beebe, Russell L. Wrobel, Holly Cho, Laura S. Kremer, Charlotte L. Alston, Katarzyna A. Gromek, Brendan K. Dolan, Arne Ulbrich, Jonathan A. Stefely, Sarah L. Bohl, Kelly M. Werner, Adam Jochem, Michael S. Westphall, Jarred W. Rensvold, Robert W. Taylor, Holger Prokisch, Jung-Ja P. Kim, Joshua J. Coon, David J. Pagliarini: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrial Protein Interaction Mapping Identifies Regulators of Respiratory Chain Function</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Molecular Cell</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>63</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, August 2016, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>621–632</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.06.033">10.1016/j.molcel.2016.06.033</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27499296?dopt=Abstract">PMID 27499296</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4992456/">PMC 4992456</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S109727651630291X">elsevier.com</a> [abgerufen am 8. Juni 2025]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+Protein+Interaction+Mapping+Identifies+Regulators+of+Respiratory+Chain+Function&rft.au=Brendan%26%23160%3BJ.+Floyd%2C+Emily%26%23160%3BM.+Wilkerson%2C+Mike%26%23160%3BT.+Veling%2C+...&rft.date=2016-08&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2016.06.033&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Cell&rft.pages=621-632&rft.pmc=4992456&rft.pmid=27499296&rft.volume=63" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:6-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">David L. Roberts, Frank E. Frerman, Jung-Ja P. Kim: <cite style="font-style:italic">Three-dimensional structure of human electron transfer flavoprotein to 2.1-Å resolution</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>93</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>25</span>, 10. Dezember 1996, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220027-8424%22&key=cql">0027-8424</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>14355–14360</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.25.14355">10.1073/pnas.93.25.14355</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8962055?dopt=Abstract">PMID 8962055</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC26136/">PMC 26136</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.93.25.14355">pnas.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+structure+of+human+electron+transfer+flavoprotein+to+2.1-%C3%85+resolution&rft.au=David%26thinsp%3BL.+Roberts%2C+Frank%26thinsp%3BE.+Frerman%2C+Jung-Ja%26thinsp%3BP.+Kim&rft.date=1996-12-10&rft.doi=10.1073%2Fpnas.93.25.14355&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.issue=25&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.pages=14355-14360&rft.pmc=26136&rft.pmid=8962055&rft.volume=93" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:8-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:8_15-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:8_15-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Domen Kampjut, Leonid A. Sazanov: <cite style="font-style:italic">Structure of respiratory complex I – An emerging blueprint for the mechanism</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Current Opinion in Structural Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>74</span>, Juni 2022, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>102350</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102350">10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102350</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35316665?dopt=Abstract">PMID 35316665</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7613608/">PMC 7613608</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959440X2200029X">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Structure+of+respiratory+complex+I+-+An+emerging+blueprint+for+the+mechanism&rft.au=Domen+Kampjut%2C+Leonid+A.+Sazanov&rft.btitle=Current+Opinion+in+Structural+Biology&rft.date=2022-06&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.sbi.2022.102350&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=102350&rft.pmc=7613608&rft.pmid=35316665&rft.volume=74" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:9-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_16-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_16-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_16-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Etienne Galemou Yoga, Kristian Parey, Amina Djurabekova, Outi Haapanen, Karin Siegmund, Klaus Zwicker, Vivek Sharma, Volker Zickermann, Heike Angerer: <cite style="font-style:italic">Essential role of accessory subunit LYRM6 in the mechanism of mitochondrial complex I</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature Communications</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>11</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 26. November 2020, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222041-1723%22&key=cql">2041-1723</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19778-7">10.1038/s41467-020-19778-7</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33243981?dopt=Abstract">PMID 33243981</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693276/">PMC 7693276</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19778-7">nature.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Essential+role+of+accessory+subunit+LYRM6+in+the+mechanism+of+mitochondrial+complex+I&rft.au=Etienne+Galemou+Yoga%2C+Kristian+Parey%2C+Amina+Djurabekova%2C+...&rft.date=2020-11-26&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fs41467-020-19778-7&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.pmc=7693276&rft.pmid=33243981&rft.volume=11" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:12-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:12_17-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:12_17-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Qi Huang, Zhigang Chen, Pu Cheng, Zhou Jiang, Zhen Wang, Yucheng Huang, Chenghui Yang, Jun Pan, Fuming Qiu, Jian Huang: <cite style="font-style:italic">LYRM2 directly regulates complex I activity to support tumor growth in colorectal cancer by oxidative phosphorylation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cancer Letters</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>455</span>, Juli 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>36–47</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.021">10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.021</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304383519302526">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=LYRM2+directly+regulates+complex+I+activity+to+support+tumor+growth+in+colorectal+cancer+by+oxidative+phosphorylation&rft.au=Qi+Huang%2C+Zhigang+Chen%2C+Pu+Cheng%2C+...&rft.btitle=Cancer+Letters&rft.date=2019-07&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.canlet.2019.04.021&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=36-47&rft.volume=455" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:10-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Trisha Dwight, Un Na, Edward Kim, Ying Zhu, Anne Louise Richardson, Bruce G. Robinson, Katherine M. Tucker, Anthony J. Gill, Diana E. Benn, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh, Dennis R. Winge: <cite style="font-style:italic">Analysis of SDHAF3 in familial and sporadic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">BMC Cancer</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>17</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Dezember 2017, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221471-2407%22&key=cql">1471-2407</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3486-z">10.1186/s12885-017-3486-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28738844?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28738844</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5525311/">PMC 5525311</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-017-3486-z">biomedcentral.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+SDHAF3+in+familial+and+sporadic+pheochromocytoma+and+paraganglioma&rft.au=Trisha+Dwight%2C+Un+Na%2C+Edward+Kim%2C+...&rft.date=2017-12&rft.doi=10.1186%2Fs12885-017-3486-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1471-2407&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=BMC+Cancer&rft.pmc=5525311&rft.pmid=28738844&rft.volume=17" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:13-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-20">u</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-21">v</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-22">w</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-23">x</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-24">y</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-25">z</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-26">aa</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-27">ab</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-28">ac</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-29">ad</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-30">ae</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-31">af</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-32">ag</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:13_19-33">ah</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali J. Masud, Alexander J. Kastaniotis, M. Tanvir Rahman, Kaija J. Autio, J. Kalervo Hiltunen: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP) at the interface of metabolic state sensing and mitochondrial function</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1866</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>12</span>, Dezember 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>118540</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118540">10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118540</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016748891930151X">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+acyl+carrier+protein+%28ACP%29+at+the+interface+of+metabolic+state+sensing+and+mitochondrial+function&rft.au=Ali+J.+Masud%2C+Alexander+J.+Kastaniotis%2C+M.+Tanvir+Rahman%2C+...&rft.date=2019-12&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.bbamcr.2019.118540&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta+%28BBA%29+-+Molecular+Cell+Research&rft.pages=118540&rft.volume=1866" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:11-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:11_20-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:11_20-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:11_20-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:11_20-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Nunziata Maio, Daniele Ghezzi, Daniela Verrigni, Teresa Rizza, Enrico Bertini, Diego Martinelli, Massimo Zeviani, Anamika Singh, Rosalba Carrozzo, Tracey A. Rouault: <cite style="font-style:italic">Disease-Causing SDHAF1 Mutations Impair Transfer of Fe-S Clusters to SDHB</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cell Metabolism</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>23</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, Februar 2016, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>292–302</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.005">10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.005</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26749241?dopt=Abstract">PMID 26749241</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4749439/">PMC 4749439</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1550413115006208">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Disease-Causing+SDHAF1+Mutations+Impair+Transfer+of+Fe-S+Clusters+to+SDHB&rft.au=Nunziata+Maio%2C+Daniele+Ghezzi%2C+Daniela+Verrigni%2C+...&rft.date=2016-02&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2015.12.005&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Cell+Metabolism&rft.pages=292-302&rft.pmc=4749439&rft.pmid=26749241&rft.volume=23" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tracey A. Rouault, Nunziata Maio: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biogenesis and functions of mammalian iron-sulfur proteins in the regulation of iron homeostasis and pivotal metabolic pathways</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Biological Chemistry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>292</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>31</span>, August 2017, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>12744–12753</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R117.789537">10.1074/jbc.R117.789537</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28615439?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28615439</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5546015/">PMC 5546015</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021925820400468">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Biogenesis+and+functions+of+mammalian+iron-sulfur+proteins+in+the+regulation+of+iron+homeostasis+and+pivotal+metabolic+pathways&rft.au=Tracey+A.+Rouault%2C+Nunziata+Maio&rft.date=2017-08&rft.doi=10.1074%2Fjbc.R117.789537&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=31&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.pages=12744-12753&rft.pmc=5546015&rft.pmid=28615439&rft.volume=292" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:16-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:16_22-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:16_22-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Danielle M. Dick, Fazil Aliev, Jen C. Wang, Scott Saccone, Anthony Hinrichs, Sarah Bertelsen, John Budde, Nancy Saccone, Tatiana Foroud, John Nurnberger, Xiaoling Xuei, P.M. Conneally, Marc Schuckit, Laura Almasy, Raymond Crowe, Samuel Kuperman, John Kramer, Jay A. Tischfield, Victor Hesselbrock, Howard J. Edenberg, Bernice Porjesz, John P. Rice, Laura Bierut, Alison Goate: <cite style="font-style:italic">A Systematic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Screen to Fine-Map Alcohol Dependence Genes on Chromosome 7 Identifies Association With a Novel Susceptibility Gene ACN9</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biological Psychiatry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>63</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>11</span>, Juni 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1047–1053</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.005">10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.005</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18163977?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18163977</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3823371/">PMC 3823371</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006322307010992">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=A+Systematic+Single+Nucleotide+Polymorphism+Screen+to+Fine-Map+Alcohol+Dependence+Genes+on+Chromosome+7+Identifies+Association+With+a+Novel+Susceptibility+Gene+ACN9&rft.au=Danielle+M.+Dick%2C+Fazil+Aliev%2C+Jen+C.+Wang%2C+...&rft.date=2008-06&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2007.11.005&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=11&rft.jtitle=Biological+Psychiatry&rft.pages=1047-1053&rft.pmc=3823371&rft.pmid=18163977&rft.volume=63" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:14-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:14_23-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:14_23-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Maja Hempel, Laura S. Kremer, Konstantinos Tsiakas, Bader Alhaddad, Tobias B. Haack, Ulrike Löbel, René G. Feichtinger, Wolfgang Sperl, Holger Prokisch, Johannes A. Mayr, René Santer: <cite style="font-style:italic">LYRM7 - associated complex III deficiency: A clinical, molecular genetic, MR tomographic, and biochemical study</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrion</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>37</span>, November 2017, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>55–61</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2017.07.001">10.1016/j.mito.2017.07.001</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1567724916301696">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=LYRM7+-+associated+complex+III+deficiency%3A+A+clinical%2C+molecular+genetic%2C+MR+tomographic%2C+and+biochemical+study&rft.au=Maja+Hempel%2C+Laura+S.+Kremer%2C+Konstantinos+Tsiakas%2C+...&rft.btitle=Mitochondrion&rft.date=2017-11&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.mito.2017.07.001&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=55-61&rft.volume=37" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:15-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:15_24-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:15_24-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:15_24-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Ester Sánchez, Teresa Lobo, Jennifer L. Fox, Massimo Zeviani, Dennis R. Winge, Erika Fernández-Vizarra: <cite style="font-style:italic">LYRM7/MZM1L is a UQCRFS1 chaperone involved in the last steps of mitochondrial Complex III assembly in human cells</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1827</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3</span>, März 2013, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>285–293</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.003">10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.003</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23168492?dopt=Abstract">PMID 23168492</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3570683/">PMC 3570683</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S000527281201078X">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=LYRM7%2FMZM1L+is+a+UQCRFS1+chaperone+involved+in+the+last+steps+of+mitochondrial+Complex+III+assembly+in+human+cells&rft.au=Ester+S%C3%A1nchez%2C+Teresa+Lobo%2C+Jennifer+L.+Fox%2C+...&rft.date=2013-03&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.bbabio.2012.11.003&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta+%28BBA%29+-+Bioenergetics&rft.pages=285-293&rft.pmc=3570683&rft.pmid=23168492&rft.volume=1827" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tie-Zhong Cui, Pamela M. Smith, Jennifer L. Fox, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Dennis R. Winge: <cite style="font-style:italic">Late-Stage Maturation of the Rieske Fe/S Protein: Mzm1 Stabilizes Rip1 but Does Not Facilitate Its Translocation by the AAA ATPase Bcs1</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Molecular and Cellular Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>32</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, 1. November 2012, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221098-5549%22&key=cql">1098-5549</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4400–4409</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00441-12">10.1128/MCB.00441-12</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22927643?dopt=Abstract">PMID 22927643</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3486142/">PMC 3486142</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1128/MCB.00441-12">tandfonline.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Late-Stage+Maturation+of+the+Rieske+Fe%2FS+Protein%3A+Mzm1+Stabilizes+Rip1+but+Does+Not+Facilitate+Its+Translocation+by+the+AAA+ATPase+Bcs1&rft.au=Tie-Zhong+Cui%2C+Pamela+M.+Smith%2C+Jennifer+L.+Fox%2C+...&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.doi=10.1128%2FMCB.00441-12&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1098-5549&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.pages=4400-4409&rft.pmc=3486142&rft.pmid=22927643&rft.volume=32" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Erika Fernández-Vizarra, Massimo Zeviani: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nuclear gene mutations as the cause of mitochondrial complex III deficiency</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Frontiers in Genetics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>6</span>, 9. April 2015, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221664-8021%22&key=cql">1664-8021</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2015.00134">10.3389/fgene.2015.00134</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25914718?dopt=Abstract">PMID 25914718</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391031/">PMC 4391031</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2015.00134/abstract">frontiersin.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Nuclear+gene+mutations+as+the+cause+of+mitochondrial+complex+III+deficiency&rft.au=Erika+Fern%C3%A1ndez-Vizarra%2C+Massimo+Zeviani&rft.date=2015-04-09&rft.doi=10.3389%2Ffgene.2015.00134&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1664-8021&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Genetics&rft.pmc=4391031&rft.pmid=25914718&rft.volume=6" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:17-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:17_27-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:17_27-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Yuezheng Lai, Yuying Zhang, Shan Zhou, Jinxu Xu, Zhanqiang Du, Ziyan Feng, Long Yu, Ziqing Zhao, Weiwei Wang, Yanting Tang, Xiuna Yang, Luke W. Guddat, Fengjiang Liu, Yan Gao, Zihe Rao, Hongri Gong: <cite style="font-style:italic">Structure of the human ATP synthase</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Molecular Cell</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>83</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>12</span>, Juni 2023, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2137–2147.e4</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.029">10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.029</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1097276523003246">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+human+ATP+synthase&rft.au=Yuezheng+Lai%2C+Yuying+Zhang%2C+Shan+Zhou%2C+...&rft.date=2023-06&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2023.04.029&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Cell&rft.pages=2137-2147.e4&rft.volume=83" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Linnka Lefebvre-Legendre, Jacques Vaillier, Houssain Benabdelhak, Jean Velours, Piotr P. Slonimski, Jean-Paul di Rago: <cite style="font-style:italic">Identification of a Nuclear Gene (FMC1) Required for the Assembly/Stability of Yeast Mitochondrial F1-ATPase in Heat Stress Conditions</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Biological Chemistry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>276</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, März 2001, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>6789–6796</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M009557200">10.1074/jbc.M009557200</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021925819346940">elsevier.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+Nuclear+Gene+%28FMC1%29+Required+for+the+Assembly%2FStability+of+Yeast+Mitochondrial+F1-ATPase+in+Heat+Stress+Conditions&rft.au=Linnka+Lefebvre-Legendre%2C+Jacques+Vaillier%2C+Houssain+Benabdelhak%2C+...&rft.date=2001-03&rft.doi=10.1074%2Fjbc.M009557200&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.pages=6789-6796&rft.volume=276" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:19-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:19_29-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Sara M Nowinski, Ashley Solmonson, Scott F Rusin, J Alan Maschek, Claire L Bensard, Sarah Fogarty, Mi-Young Jeong, Sandra Lettlova, Jordan A Berg, Jeffrey T Morgan, Yeyun Ouyang, Bradley C Naylor, Joao A Paulo, Katsuhiko Funai, James E Cox, Steven P Gygi, Dennis R Winge, Ralph J DeBerardinis, Jared Rutter: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis coordinates oxidative metabolism in mammalian mitochondria</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">eLife</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, 17. August 2020, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222050-084X%22&key=cql">2050-084X</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.58041">10.7554/eLife.58041</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32804083?dopt=Abstract">PMID 32804083</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7470841/">PMC 7470841</a> (freier Volltext) – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/58041">elifesciences.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:LYRM-Protein&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+fatty+acid+synthesis+coordinates+oxidative+metabolism+in+mammalian+mitochondria&rft.au=Sara+M+Nowinski%2C+Ashley+Solmonson%2C+Scott+F+Rusin%2C+...&rft.date=2020-08-17&rft.doi=10.7554%2FeLife.58041&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2050-084X&rft.jtitle=eLife&rft.pmc=7470841&rft.pmid=32804083&rft.volume=9" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/57001"><i>SDHAF3 succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 3 [Homo sapiens (human)].</i></a> In: <i>National Library of Medicine.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 8. Juni 2025</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALYRM-Protein&rft.title=SDHAF3+succinate+dehydrogenase+complex+assembly+factor+3+%26%2391%3BHomo+sapiens+%28human%29%26%2393%3B&rft.description=SDHAF3+succinate+dehydrogenase+complex+assembly+factor+3+%26%2391%3BHomo+sapiens+%28human%29%26%2393%3B&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fgene%2F57001"> </span></span>
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